Treatment of certain words

See the guide to the treatment of particular words. Unless otherwise noted, we have largely followed the guidance of CHLG or HeliPaD, when available.

Distinguishing pre-verbal adverbs (or other parts of speech) from separable prefixes/particles can be tricky. Our rule of thumb is to see if the historical dictionaries treat a collocation as a prefix. On this criterion, einsteigen is a verb (RP+VB einsteigen) while hinein steigen is not: (ADVP (ADV hinein)) (VB steigen).

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• abends / morgens:  NP-TMP headed by a genitive N, just as if this were des abends or des morgens:(NP-TMP (N^G^SG auentz))

• aller as intensifier of superlative adjective: treat etymologically if orthographically separate: (ADJP (NP-POS (Q^G^PL aller) (ADJS liebst)) but as a single word if orthographically joined: (ADJP (ADJS allerliebst))
  
• als: P when comparative ‘than/as’ (complement is the standard of comparison): C if the complementizer ‘when/as.’  Can also be a shortened form of also
  
• also, see so
• auch: unlike in other corpora, tag as ADV rather than ALSO
  

• beide : D if an indefinite determiner (‘both thing’); CONJ if in correlative coordination (‘both this and that’) 
  

• da-compounds: (PP (P+ADV)), unless it is being used as a different POS with a change in meaning, such as (C damit) 'so that'
• dann: ADV if a clausal adverb (MSG ‘dann’); C if it is a complementizer (MSG ‘als/wenn’); CONJ if it introduces a main clause (MHG ‘wande’, MSG ‘denn’); P if it marks comparison ('than').
  

• das: D if determiner (in NP) or relative pronoun (in WNP); C if introduces CP-THT or CP-DEG (MSG ‘dass’) 
• (de)weile: C in CP-ADV if it is the sole complementizer; C in CP-THT if it precedes C dass 

• einander: PRO (but do not label the NP as -RFL)
  
• etc (also spelled 7c or simply c): a FW that acts as the last of a series of conjuncts:
  • House in CONJP if the preceding conjuncts are phrasal (and if the preceding conjuncts can't be identified, this CONJP is the daughter of IP).
    TO DO, example of specific continuation
  • (and if the preceding conjuncts can't be identified, this CONJP is the daughter of IP):
    TO DO, example of clausal continuation
  • Treat as a head if the preceding conjuncts are heads.
    (NP-PRN (NPR^A^SG Yspaniam) (NPR^A^SG galiciam) (NPR^A^SG kastiliam) (FW c))
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• genug: always treat as ADV (unlike CHLG which treats as N in Geldes genug) 

• hin/her: treat as RP if dictionaries list it in combination with the particular verb, otherwise as ADV+P inside ADV

• in dem as a subordinator: treat as if indem has been orthographically split: (CP-ADV (C (C21 in) (C22 dem)) ...
• inne werden / inne sein: treat as predicative adj: (ADJP-PRD (NP-COM einer Sache) (ADJ inne))
• item: not FW, but rather (ADVP (ADV item)) if followed by clause initial verb or (CONJ item) if followed by V2

• jemand,niemand, nichts: INDPRO head of NP

• kein: Q
  

• lehren: VB with NP-OB1 of the thing taught; NP-OB2 of the person taught (even if accusative) 

• mehr/meist, the comparative/superlative of viel: QR/QS or ADVR/ADVS (to distinguish Q vs ADV, use the same criteria as for viel). In an example like mehr als 12 Tage, treat the nounas the head of NP
  (NP (QR mehr) (PP als 12) (N Tage))

• nach dem as subordinator: treat as orthographically split nachdem:(CP-ADV (C (C21 nach) (C22 dem)) ...

• nicht desto weniger: treat as as an orthographically split adverb: (ADV (ADV31 nicht) (ADV32 desto) (ADV33 weniger)
  
• noch: treat as ADVP when sentential adverb; bare ADV when degree word (noch mehr); CONJ when correlative conjunction (weder dies noch das) 

• selber/selbst: ADJ when in NP, otherwise ADV in ADVP:
  (NP-SBJ (PRO^N^PL ir) (ADJ^N^PL selb)) 

• so: ADV in ADVP if means also 'thus'(untraced ADVP also/so may precede C dass 'so that'); C if it is a relative complementizer (in CP-REL) or comparative complementizer (in CP-CMP or ADV); bare ADV if it’s a degree adverb (so kalt, so viel)
• solcher: Q (as in source corpora) rather than HeliPaD’s ADJ
• sonder: can be P ('without') or CONJ (MSG 'sondern')
  
• viel:
  • Q in NP if modifies a N, or the only constituent of NP if an obligatory argument: (NP-OB1 (Q^A^SG viel)) (VBN erfahren)
    
  • ADV if not an obligatory argument of the verb (i.e. it can be replaced by another adverb like oft): (ADV viel) (VBN gegessen)
• wann: WADV if introduces a direct or indirect question (MSG ‘wann’); C if it is a complementizer (MSG ‘als/wenn’); if it means 'because' (MHG ‘wande’; MSG ‘denn/weil’), it should be a CONJ fronting an IP-X (if V1/V2) or a C heading CP-ADV (if V-final). 
• wahr nehmen: according to DWB, can still have nominal character into ENHG, so tag wahr in MHG and ENHG etymologically, as N with NP-POS complement:
  (IP-MAT-SPE (VBI nimb)  (NP-OB1 (NP-POS (PRO$ meiner) (N groesse)) (N war))
• wenig:
  
• zu: usually P, but ADV when means ‘too (ADJ/ADV)’ 
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